期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 128, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.040405
关键词
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资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [447948357, 440958198]
- Sino-German Center for Research Promotion [M-0294]
- ERC [683107/TempoQ]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
This study demonstrates how to construct general probabilistic theories with an energy observable dependent on position and momentum. The construction is in line with both classical and quantum theory, allowing for physical predictions. The toy model of the harmonic oscillator showcases the viability of operational theories as an alternative approach for formulating physical theories.
We show how to construct general probabilistic theories that contain an energy observable dependent on position and momentum. The construction is in accordance with classical and quantum theory and allows for physical predictions, such as the probability distribution for position, momentum, and energy. We demonstrate the construction by formulating a toy model for the harmonic oscillator that is neither classical nor quantum. The model features a discrete energy spectrum, a ground state with sharp position and momentum, an eigenstate with a nonpositive Wigner function as well as a state that has tunneling properties. The toy model demonstrates that operational theories can be a viable alternative approach for formulating physical theories.
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