Detecting Entanglement Structure in Continuous Many-Body Quantum Systems

A prerequisite for the comprehensive understanding of many-body quantum systems is a characteri-zation in terms of their entanglement structure. The experimental detection of entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems describable by quantum fields still presents a major challenge. We develop a general scheme for certifying entanglement and demonstrate it by revealing entanglement between distinct subsystems of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. Our scheme builds on the spatially resolved simultaneous detection of the quantum field in two conjugate observables which allows the experimental confirmation of quantum correlations between local as well as nonlocal partitions of the system. The detection of squeezing in Bogoliubov modes in a multimode setting illustrates its potential to boost the capabilities of quantum simulations to study entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems.

Automated summary

A prerequisite for understanding many-body quantum systems is to characterize them in terms of their entanglement structure. However, detecting entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems described by quantum fields remains a major challenge. In this study, a general scheme for certifying entanglement is developed and demonstrated by revealing entanglement between distinct subsystems of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The detection of squeezing in Bogoliubov modes in a multimode setting showcases the potential for enhancing the capabilities of quantum simulations in studying entanglement in spatially extended many-body systems.