Prognostic value and non-neuroendocrine role of INSM1 in small cell lung cancer

Review Pathology

INSM1 Is Less Sensitive But More Specific Than Synaptophysin in Gynecologic High-grade Neuroendocrine Carcinomas An Immunohistochemical Study of 75 Cases With Specificity Test and Literature Review

Qiong Zou et al.

Summary: INSM1 is a highly specific marker with 95% specificity and high sensitivity (92%) for gynecologic HGNECs, showing better diagnostic potential than conventional neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Randomized phase II study of platinum-based chemotherapy plus controlled diet with or without metformin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Youngjoo Lee et al.

Summary: This study indicates that the addition of metformin to chemotherapy did not provide a significant survival benefit for non-selective NSCLC patients, but significantly improved the survival of SqCC patients with high FDG uptake. Metformin may have a synergistic anti-tumor effect in tumors highly dependent on glucose metabolism.

LUNG CANCER (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Small-cell lung cancer

Charles M. Rudin et al.

Summary: Small-cell lung cancer is a type of lung cancer characterized by high proliferative rate, early metastasis, and poor prognosis, strongly associated with tobacco carcinogens. Most patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease, with only a small fraction having potentially curative earlier-stage disease. Genomic profiling reveals extensive chromosomal rearrangements and high mutation burden in SCLC, often involving inactivation of TP53 and RB1 tumor suppressor genes.

NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Nivolumab and Ipilimumab as Maintenance Therapy in Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: CheckMate 451

Taofeek K. Owonikoko et al.

Summary: Maintenance therapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab did not prolong overall survival (OS) for patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) who did not progress on first-line chemotherapy. However, there may be a benefit of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with a tumor mutational burden of >= 13 mutations per megabase. The rates of grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events were highest in the nivolumab plus ipilimumab group.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology

Metformin enhances anti-cancer effects of cisplatin in meningioma through AMPK-mTOR signaling pathways

Liemei Guo et al.

Summary: The study found that metformin could enhance the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on meningioma cells by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway. Additionally, the combined treatment of metformin and cisplatin showed significant anti-cancer effects on high-grade meningiomas.

MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

AMPKα loss promotes KRAS-mediated lung tumorigenesis

Manuela La Montagna et al.

Summary: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a critical role in non-small cell lung cancer, with loss of AMPKα potentially promoting KRAS-mediated lung tumorigenesis. Additionally, AMPKα might regulate LDHB activation through modulation of lncRNA KIMAT1. These findings offer a new axis for therapeutic research.

CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION (2021)

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Article Oncology