期刊
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
卷 121, 期 3, 页码 1009-1020出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07452-4
关键词
South American Babesia group; Babesia microti group; Hepatozoon; Sarcocystidae; Small mammals; Chile
类别
资金
- Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) [1170972]
- ANID BECAS/Scholarship Program/DOCTORADO NACIONAL [2019-21190078, 2020-21200182]
New bacteria and protozoa were discovered in rodents and marsupials in northern Chile, expanding the range of tick-borne apicomplexans in South America. The study also reported for the first time the presence of the B. microti group infecting rodents in the region. Phylogenetic analysis provided insights into the relatedness of these organisms with those found in other regions.
Small mammals play an essential role as disseminators of pathogens because they reach high population densities and have ubiquitous distributions. In the Northern Hemisphere rodents are well recognized as reservoirs for tick-borne bacteria of the Anaplasmataceae family and also apicomplexan protozoans. In contrast, South American rodents hosting these microorganisms have been rarely identified. In this study, we collected blood from rodents and marsupials in northern Chile and screened for Anaplasmataceae bacteria and apicomplexan protozoa. Overall, 14.7% of the samples were positive for Babesia, Hepatozoon, and Sarcocystidae using conventional PCR assays targeting the structural 18S rRNA locus (18S). Phylogenetic analyses performed with amplicons derived from 18S and cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene provided evidence of a Babesia sp. belonging to the Babesia microti group in Phyllotis darwini, and a novel Babesia genotype in P. darwini and Abrothrix jelskii. Furthermore, four novel genotypes of Hepatozoon retrieved from Abrothrix olivacea, P. darwini, and Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, formed independent lineages within a clade that includes additional Hepatozoon spp. detected in South American rodents. Moreover, an incidental finding of a previously detected apicomplexan, herein designated as Sarcocystidae sp., was recorded in Thylamys opossums with a high prevalence, indicating a possible specific association with these mammals. Phylogenetic analysis of Sarcoystidae sp. clearly demonstrated its relatedness to apicomplexans detected in Australian marsupials. Our results expand the range of mammals hosting tick-borne apicomplexans in South America, highlight a novel clade consisting of South American babesias, and report for the first time the B. microti group infecting rodents in the region.
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