Long-term Outcome After Acute Peripheral Facial Palsy

Purpose: To analyze long-term outcomes in a large cohort of patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP). Methods: Hospital-based, cross-sectional study. Data were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Time to recovery was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with outcome. Results: Three hundred seventy-two patients with APFP seen at a tertiary hospital between February 2015 and March 2021 were analyzed. Seasonal variation of APFP peaked in the early fall (September 29) and had a peak-to-low ratio of 1.36 (R-2 = 0.329, p < 0.001). Patients who tested positive for Lyme disease (10%) had an earlier peak (July 16) compared with those who were negative (October 15). Eighty-seven percent of patients had complete recovery (averaging 64 +/- 61 days). Patients, with higher House-Brackmann (H-B) grades at presentation took longer to recover, were more likely to have aberrant regeneration and had lower final rates of recovery compared with those with lower H-B grades (chi(2) = 12.03, p < 0.001). Of the patients with residual palsies, 70% had evidence of aberrant regeneration, and nearly half of those had hemifacial spasm. Conclusions: Most patients with APFP achieve complete recovery within 1 year, including those positive for Lyme. More severe palsy at presentation portends a worse outcome.

Automated summary

This study analyzed the long-term outcomes of a large cohort of patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP). The results showed that most patients achieved complete recovery within 1 year, but patients with more severe palsy at presentation had a worse outcome.