Nurses' perception of workplace discrimination

Background: Discrimination and injustice are big obstacles in nurses' way to socialization and are among the major clinical challenges faced by nurses. Workplace discrimination is associated with such negative consequences as stress, fatigue, demoralization, loss of professional commitment, tension and conflicts at work, and resignation. A review of literature shows that not much research has been dedicated to workplace discrimination in nursing. Objective: This study aims to investigate nurses' perception of workplace discrimination. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the hospitals affiliated with a university of medical sciences in the largest city in the south of Iran in 2019. The participants consisted of 597 nurses who were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-made workplace discrimination questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS v. 21. Findings: The mean of the nurses' workplace discrimination scores was found to be 102.57 +/- 14.5, which is considered as moderate. The nurses' mean scores for the dimensions of vertical and horizontal discrimination (44.53 +/- 6.8), consequences of discrimination (20.52 +/- 5.55), and unfair promotion (12.38 +/- 2.44) were moderate. As for the two other dimensions of workplace discrimination, namely, gender discrimination (14.41 +/- 3.28) and cultural-organizational discrimination (11.88 +/- 2.99), the participants' mean scores were low. There was a significant relationship between the nurses' workplace discrimination mean score on the one hand and their employment status (p = 0.016) and work experience (p = 0.002) on the other. However, the nurses' workplace discrimination mean score was not found to correlate with their level of education (p = 0.65), marital status (p = 0.274), and gender (p = 0.479). Ethical consideration: This study has been approved by the ethics committee of the university. All the participants had signed the written informed consent form before participation. Conclusion: Hospital managers should take measures to reduce discrimination and establish organizational justice to raise nurses' morale and improve the quality of their performance as caregivers.

Automated summary

This study investigates nurses' perception of workplace discrimination. The findings show that the perception of vertical and horizontal discrimination, consequences of discrimination, and unfair promotion are moderate, while the perception of gender discrimination and cultural-organizational discrimination is low. The study also finds a significant relationship between nurses' employment status and work experience and their perception of workplace discrimination.