期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 234, 期 3, 页码 961-974出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17833
关键词
biogenic volatiles; cytokinins; hormones; isoprene; leaf senescence; signalling; transcriptomics; unstressed plants
资金
- EU Horizon2020 programme via the Marie Curie fellowship [746821]
- CNR, Italy
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [746821] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
Isoprene emission by unstressed leaves accelerates plant growth and development, increases cytokinins abundance in leaves, and hastens leaf senescence process.
Isoprene, a major biogenic volatile hydrocarbon of climate-relevance, indisputably mitigates abiotic stresses in emitting plants. However functional relevance of constitutive isoprene emission in unstressed plants remains contested. Isoprene and cytokinins (CKs) are synthesized from a common substrate and pathway in chloroplasts. It was postulated that isoprene emission may affect CK-metabolism. Using transgenic isoprene-emitting (IE) Arabidopsis and isoprene nonemitting (NE) RNA-interference grey poplars (paired with respective NE and IE genotypes), the life of individual IE and NE leaves from emergence to abscission was followed under stress-free conditions. We monitored plant growth rate, aboveground developmental phenotype, modelled leaf photosynthetic energy status, quantified the abundance of leaf CKs, analysed Arabidopsis and poplar leaf transcriptomes by RNA-sequencing in presence and absence of isoprene during leaf senescence. Isoprene emission by unstressed leaves enhanced the abundance of CKs (isopentenyl adenine and its precursor) by > 200%, significantly upregulated genes coding for CK-synthesis, CK-signalling and CK-degradation, hastened plant development, increased chloroplast metabolic rate, altered photosynthetic energy status, induced early leaf senescence in both Arabidopsis and poplar. IE leaves senesced sooner even in decapitated poplars where source-sink relationships and hormone homeostasis were perturbed. Constitutive isoprene emission significantly accelerates CK-led leaf and organismal development and induces early senescence independent of growth constraints. Isoprene emission provides an early-riser evolutionary advantage and shortens lifecycle duration to assist rapid diversification in unstressed emitters.
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