A potential biomarker of preclinical Alzheimer's disease: The olfactory dysfunction and its pathogenesis-based neural circuitry impairments

The olfactory dysfunction can signal and act as a potential biomarker of preclinical AD. However, the precise regulatory mechanism of olfactory function on the neural pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. The impairment of neural networks in olfaction system has been shown to be tightly associated with AD. As key brain regions of the olfactory system, the olfactory bulb (OB) and the piriform cortex (PCx) have a profound influence on the ol-factory function. Therefore, this review will explore the mechanism of olfactory dysfunction in preclinical AD in the perspective of abnormal neural networks in the OB and PCx and their associated brain regions, especially from two aspects of aberrant oscillations and synaptic plasticity damages, which help better understand the underlying mechanism of olfactory neural network damages related to AD.

Automated summary

Olfactory dysfunction may serve as a potential biomarker of preclinical AD, but the precise regulatory mechanism of its impact on AD neuropathogenesis remains unclear. Impairment of neural networks in the olfaction system is closely associated with AD, particularly in the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex. This review explores the mechanism of olfactory dysfunction in preclinical AD by studying aberrant oscillations and synaptic plasticity damages, providing insight into the underlying mechanism of olfactory neural network damages related to AD.