An adaptive optics module for deep tissue multiphoton imaging in vivo

Understanding complex biological systems requires visualizing structures and processes deep within living organisms. We developed a compact adaptive optics module and incorporated it into two- and three-photon fluorescence microscopes, to measure and correct tissue-induced aberrations. We resolved synaptic structures in deep cortical and subcortical areas of the mouse brain, and demonstrated high-resolution imaging of neuronal structures and somatosensory-evoked calcium responses in the mouse spinal cord at great depths in vivo. A compact adaptive optics module corrects aberrations in two-photon and three-photon microscopy, enabling structural and functional imaging deep in the mouse brain, the mouse spinal cord and the zebrafish larva.

Automated summary

The development of a compact adaptive optics module has enabled correction of tissue-induced aberrations in two-photon and three-photon fluorescence microscopes, allowing high-resolution imaging of synaptic structures in deep regions of the mouse brain and spinal cord, as well as somatosensory-evoked calcium responses. This advancement has facilitated structural and functional imaging deep within living organisms such as mice and zebrafish larvae.