4.5 Review

Spatial variability and environmental drivers of cassava-arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) associations across Southern Nigeria

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Summary: The study of AM fungal dispersal is mainly based on temperate ecosystems in North America, with small mammals and AM fungal spores as the main dispersal agents. In contrast, evidence from tropical systems in South America, Asia, and Africa, as well as other dispersers and propagule types, is limited. Data is still insufficient to draw firm conclusions from the study.

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On-farm assessment of cassava root yield response to tillage, plant density, weed control and fertilizer application in southwestern Nigeria

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Summary: While many molecular studies have focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities in temperate ecosystems, very few studies have examined tropical AMF communities using molecular techniques. Understanding the composition of AMF communities in tropical areas is important for improving crop productivity in low fertility tropical soils. The study used a hierarchical sampling approach to investigate AMF community composition at different geographical scales and across environmental gradients. pH was found to influence AMF alpha diversity and the abundance of specific taxa and families of the Glomeromycotina. Local scale assemblages and diversity did not reliably predict those at regional scales, and a large portion of variance in AMF community composition remains unexplained by soil, climate, and geography variables. Further research is needed to better understand the processes shaping tropical AMF communities and establishment for the development of sustainable tropical agroecosystems.

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Improved genotypes and fertilizers, not fallow duration, increase cassava yields without compromising arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus richness or diversity

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Summary: The study found that in cassava crops, improving the genotype and using mineral fertilizers significantly increased yields without impacting the diversity and richness of AM fungi. On the other hand, increasing AMF diversity and richness did not have a positive effect on cassava yields.

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Responses of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Occurrence to Organic Fertilizer: A meta-analysis of field studies

Shangtao Jiang et al.

Summary: The study found that using organic fertilizer can increase AM fungal biomass and reduce the negative impact on AMF richness compared to mineral-only fertilization. Organic fertilizer had positive effects on AMF in specific conditions and negative effects in others. Organic carbon input, increased soil phosphorus, and the ratio of fertilizer N and P were identified as factors influencing the effects of organic fertilizer on AMF occurrence.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in South Africa

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