期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 510, 期 4, 页码 4873-4887出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab3418
关键词
gravitational waves; methods: data analysis; pulsars: general
资金
- European Research Council
- UK's Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/T000414/1]
- Region Centre in France
- 'Programme National de Cosmologie and Galaxies' (PNCG)
- 'Programme National Hautes Energies' (PNHE) - CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP
- CNES, France
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche , France [ANR-18-CE31-0015]
- Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO)
- Department of University and Research (MIUR)
- Italian Space Agency (ASI)
- Autonomous Region of Sardinia (RAS)
- NSF [1430284, AST-1815664, AST-2007993, PHY-2020265]
- Commonwealth Government
- Stavros Niarchos Foundation (SNF)
- Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) [01431]
- National SKA program of China [2020SKA0120100]
- Max-Planck Partner Group
- NSFC [11690024]
- CAS Cultivation Project for FAST Scientific
- NASA CT Space Grant PTE Federal [80NSSC20M0129]
- National Science Foundation's NANOGrav Physics Frontier Center [2020265]
- Paris ile-de-France Region
- NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51453.001]
- NASA [NAS5-26555, 80GSFC17M0002.002]
- Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Award - Australian Government [DE210101738]
- European Research Council (ERC) Synergy Grant 'BlackHoleCam' [610058]
- ERC Advanced Grant 'LEAP' [337062]
- NSF AAG [2009468, 200968]
- Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research within the PRIN 2017 Research Program Framework [2017SYRTCN]
- NASA
- ONR 6.1 basic research funding
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [CITA 490888-16]
- European Union [818691]
- Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT190100155]
- JPL RTD program
- Australian Government through the Australian Research Council (ARC) [CE170100004, FL150100148]
- NSERC Discovery Grant
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
- Vanderbilt University College of Arts & Science Dean's Faculty Fellowship program
- Royal Society
- Wolfson Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [433075039]
- STFC [ST/T000414/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [2009468] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-18-CE31-0015] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
In this study, we searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background using the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array. We found evidence for a spectrally similar low-frequency stochastic process and demonstrated that the combined international data set is more sensitive. Although no significant evidence of a gravitational-wave origin was found, future international data releases are expected to increase sensitivity and detection probability.
We searched for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array, a global collaboration synthesizing decadal-length pulsar-timing campaigns in North America, Europe, and Australia. In our reference search for a power-law strain spectrum of the form h(c) = A(f/1 yr(-1))(alpha), we found strong evidence for a spectrally similar low-frequency stochastic process of amplitude A = 3.8(-2.5)(+6.3) x 10(-15) and spectral index alpha = -0.5 +/- 0.5, where the uncertainties represent 95 per cent credible regions, using information from the auto- and cross-correlation terms between the pulsars in the array. For a spectral index of alpha = -2/3, as expected from a population of inspiralling supermassive black hole binaries, the recovered amplitude is A = 2.8(-0.8)(+1.2) x 10(-15). None the less, no significant evidence of the Hellings-Downs correlations that would indicate a gravitational-wave origin was found. We also analysed the constituent data from the individual pulsar timing arrays in a consistent way, and clearly demonstrate that the combined international data set is more sensitive. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this combined data set produces comparable constraints to recent single-array data sets which have more data than the constituent parts of the combination. Future international data releases will deliver increased sensitivity to gravitational wave radiation, and significantly increase the detection probability.
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