4.7 Article

BEBOP III. Observations and an independent mass measurement of Kepler-16 (AB) b - the first circumbinary planet detected with radial velocities

期刊

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab3712

关键词

techniques: radial velocities; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: individual: Kepler-16; binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic

资金

  1. OHP [16.DISC.TRIA]
  2. French PNP [16B.PNP.HEB2, 17A.PNP.SANT, 17B.PNP.SAN2, 18A.PNP.SANT, 18B.PNP.SAN1, 19A.PNP.SANT]
  3. French Programme National de Planetologie (PNP, INSU)
  4. European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [803193/BEBOP]
  5. Leverhulme Trust [RPG-2018-418]
  6. ERC Consolidator Grant [772293/ASTROCHRONOMETRY]
  7. NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HF2-51464]
  8. LSSTC
  9. NSF [1829740]
  10. Brinson Foundation
  11. Moore Foundation
  12. CNES [837319]
  13. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/R000824/1]
  14. CFisUC projects [UIDB/04564/2020, UIDP/04564/2020]
  15. GRAVITY [PTDC/FIS-AST/7002/2020]
  16. ENGAGE SKA [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022217]
  17. PHOBOS - COMPETE 2020 [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029932]
  18. FCT, Portugal
  19. NASA [NAS5-26555]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study reports the first successful detection of a circumbinary planet using the radial velocity method, and determines its mass. In addition, our observations demonstrate the ability of the radial velocity method to achieve precise measurements of photon noise, paving the way for future detections of more circumbinary planets.
The radial velocity method is amongst the most robust and most established means of detecting exoplanets. Yet, it has so far failed to detect circumbinary planets despite their relatively high occurrence rates. Here, we report velocimetric measurements of Kepler-16A, obtained with the SOPHIE spectrograph, at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence's 193cm telescope, collected during the BEBOP survey for circumbinary planets. Our measurements mark the first radial velocity detection of a circumbinary planet, independently determining the mass of Kepler-16 (AB) b to be 0.313 +/- 0.039 M-Jup, a value in agreement with eclipse timing variations. Our observations demonstrate the capability to achieve photon-noise precision and accuracy on single-lined binaries, with our final precision reaching 1.5 ms(-1) on the binary and planetary signals. Our analysis paves the way for more circumbinary planet detections using radial velocities which will increase the relatively small sample of currently known systems to statistically relevant numbers, using a method that also provides weaker detection biases. Our data also contain a long-term radial velocity signal, which we associate with the magnetic cycle of the primary star.

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