期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 512, 期 1, 页码 583-601出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab3069
关键词
planet-star interactions; protoplanetary discs; circumstellar matter; planetary systems; stars: pre-main-sequence; open clusters and associations
资金
- NASA Exoplanets Research Program [80NSSC20K0957]
- NASA FINESST award [80NSSC19K1424]
- NASA Keck PI Data Awards
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF8550]
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Spanish MINECO [AyA2017-84089]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 - Research and Innovation Framework Programme [776403]
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP19K14783, JP21H00035, JP18H05442, JP15H02063, JP22000005]
We report the discovery of a resolved substellar companion to a Taurus star-forming region member. The companion has a mass of 3-5 M-Jup and an age of 2-5 Myr. Its luminosity and H-K color are comparable to other directly detected young planets, but redder than typical L dwarfs. Additionally, we detected a comoving heavily extincted star.
We report the discovery of a resolved (0.9 arcsec) substellar companion to a member of the 1-5 Myr Taurus star-forming region. The host star (2M0437) is a single mid-M type (T-eff approximate to 3100 K) dwarf with a position, space motion, and colour-magnitude that support Taurus membership, and possible affiliation with a similar to 2.5-Myr-old subgroup. A comparison with stellar models suggests a 2-5 Myr age and a mass of 0.15-0.18M(circle dot). Although K2 detected quasi-periodic dimming from close-in circumstellar dust, the star lacks detectable excess infrared emission from a circumstellar disc and its H alpha emission is not commensurate with accretion. Astrometry based on 3 yr of AO imaging shows that the companion (2M0437b) is comoving, while photometry of two other sources at larger separation indicates that they are likely heavily reddened background stars. A comparison of the luminosity of 2M0437b with models suggests a mass of 3-5 M-JUP, well below the deuterium burning limit, and an effective temperature of 1400-1500 K, characteristic of a late L spectral type. The H - K colour is redder than the typical L dwarf, but comparable to other directly detected young planets, e.g. those around HR 8799. The discovery of a super-Jupiter around a very young, very low-mass star challenges models of planet formation by either core accretion (which requires time) or disc instability (which requires mass). We also detected a second, comoving, widely separated (75 arcsec) object that appears to be a heavily extincted star. This is certainly a fellow member of this Taurus subgroup and statistically likely to be a bound companion.
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