期刊
MOLECULES
卷 26, 期 23, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237409
关键词
SPME-Arrow; grape skins; volatile organic compounds
资金
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding [CoE CroP-BioDiv KK.01.1.1.01.005]
Optimization of SPME-Arrow conditions, especially extraction temperature and exposure time, is crucial for efficient extraction of both free and bound VOCs from grape skins, providing a powerful tool for the analysis of volatile organic compounds in a large number of samples.
(1) Background: Solid phase microextraction (SPME)-Arrow is a new extraction technology recently employed in the analysis of volatiles in food materials. Grape volatile organic compounds (VOC) have a crucial role in the winemaking industry due to their sensory characteristics of wine.; (2) Methods: Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were used to optimise SPME-Arrow conditions (extraction temperature, incubation time, exposure time, desorption time). Analyzed VOCs were free VOCs directly from grape skins and bound VOCs released from grape skins by acid hydrolysis.; (3) Results: The most significant factors were extraction temperature and exposure time for both free and bound VOCs. For both factors, an increase in their values positively affected the extraction efficiency for almost all classes of VOCs. For free VOCs, the optimum extraction conditions are: extraction temperature 60 degrees C, incubation time 20 min, exposure time 49 min, and desorption time 7 min, while for the bound VOCs are: extraction temperature 60 degrees C, incubation time 20 min, exposure time 60 min, desorption time 7 min.; (4) Conclusions: Application of the optimized method provides a powerful tool in the analysis of major classes of volatile organic compounds from grape skins, which can be applied to a large number of samples.
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