4.8 Article

Giant Viruses Encode Actin-Related Proteins

期刊

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 39, 期 2, 页码 -

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac022

关键词

actin and actin-related proteins; NucleoCytoplasmic Large DNA virus; viral eukaryogenesis

资金

  1. Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-17-CE02-0012-02 ALGALVIRUS]
  2. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JSPS/KAKENHI 18H02279]
  3. Research Unit for Development of Global Sustainability

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This study reveals the presence and expression of actin-related genes in viral genomes, suggesting that viruses recruited these genes from ancient protoeukaryotic hosts and transferred them to give rise to eukaryotic actins, which could have contributed to the emergence of the modern eukaryotic cytoskeleton.
The emergence of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton is a critical yet puzzling step of eukaryogenesis. Actin and actin-related proteins (ARPs) are ubiquitous components of this cytoskeleton. The gene repertoire of the Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor (LECA) would have therefore harbored both actin and various ARPs. Here, we report the presence and expression of actin-related genes in viral genomes (viractins) of some Imitervirales, a viral order encompassing the giant Mimiviridae. Phylogenetic analyses suggest an early recruitment of an actin-related gene by viruses from ancient protoeukaryotic hosts before the emergence of modern eukaryotes, possibly followed by a back transfer that gave rise to eukaryotic actins. This supports a coevolutionary scenario between pre-LECA lineages and their viruses, which could have contributed to the emergence of the modern eukaryotic cytoskeleton.

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