4.5 Article

Hormone resistance and short stature: A journey through the pathways of hormone signaling

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ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111416

关键词

Growth hormone; IGF-1; Growth plate; Growth hormone deficiency; Growth hormone insensitivity; IGF insensitivity; Natriuretic peptide system

资金

  1. National Council of Technological and Scientific Development - Brazil (CNPq) [301871/2016-7, 303294/2020-5]
  2. Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES) [001]

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Hormone resistances associated with growth disorders primarily result from defects in hormone receptors or intracellular signal transduction proteins. The distinct phenotypes of different hormone resistances provide important insights into the role of each hormone and its signaling pathway. This review discusses the molecular and clinical aspects of the main hormone resistances related to short stature in humans.
Hormone resistances have been described in association with growth disorders, the majority involving the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) axis or hormones with specific paracrine-autocrine actions in the growth plate. Defects in hormone receptors or in proteins involved in intracellular signal transduction (post-receptor defects) are the main mechanisms of hormone resistance leading to short stature. The characteristic phenotypes of each of these hormonal resistances are very distinct and bring with them important insights into the role of each hormone and its signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the molecular and clinical aspects of the main hormone resistances associated with short stature in humans.

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