期刊
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
卷 87, 期 -, 页码 287-296出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.060
关键词
Garlic straw; Chemical composition; Morphology behavior; Cellulose nanocrystals; Acid hydrolysis
资金
- Department of Education, Universities and Investigation of the Basque Government
- LabEx Tec 21 (Investissements d'Avenir) [ANR-11-LABX-0030]
- Energies du Futur Institute [ANR-11-CARN-007-01, ANR-11-CARN-030-01]
- PolyNat Carnot Institute [ANR-11-CARN-007-01, ANR-11-CARN-030-01]
The aim of this study was to explore the utilization of garlic straw residues as source for the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). Garlic straw (GS) was first purified using chemical alkali extraction (ATGS) and then bleached (BGS) before the production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-GS) by acid hydrolysis (H2SO4). The chemical composition of GS was determined according to TAPPI standards and showed that it is composed by 41% wt cellulose, 18% wt hemicelluloses and 6.3% wt lignin, among other components. Then, the obtained fibers were extracted and characterized by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed changes in the peaks at 1731, 1556 and 1244cm(-1), indicating that the alkali treatment partially removed hemicelluloses and lignin from the fiber surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to investigate the morphology of the produced CNC. The crystallinity index of the GS was 37.4%, and it increased to more than 68% after the acid hydrolysis. The garlic straw had better thermal stability than those of the cellulose obtained after the bleaching treatment and of the nanocrystals isolated following acid hydrolysis. The CNC presented a needle-shaped nature, an average diameter and length of 6nm and 480 nm, respectively, leading to an aspect ratio of approximately 80. These promising results proved revalue of this by-product for the production of CNC and its potential use as reinforcement in the preparation of nanocomposites. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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