期刊
出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2021.142403
关键词
Stacking fault energy; Metastable austenitic stainless steels; High energy X-ray diffraction; HEXRD; Deformation induced martensitic transformation; Stacking faults; Austenitic stainless steels; TRIP
类别
资金
- Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1332208]
- Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-19-2-5220]
- VINNOVA
In-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments were performed to study the effect of temperature on the deformation behavior of a metastable austenitic stainless steel. The results showed that the temperature change caused significant variations in the deformation mechanism of the alloy.
In-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments during uniaxial tensile loading are performed to investigate the effect of temperature (25, 45 and 70 degrees C) on the deformation behavior of a 301 metastable austenitic stainless steel. The micromechanical behavior of the steel at the three deformation temperatures is correlated with the stacking fault energy (gamma(SF)) experimentally determined through the same in-situ X-ray experiments. The applied measurements provide a unique possibility to directly interrogate the temperature dependent gamma(SF) in relation to the active bulk deformation mechanism in a metastable austenitic stainless steel. The determined gamma(SF) is 9.4 +/- 1.7 mJ m(-2) at 25 degrees C, 13.4 +/- 1.9 mJ m(-2) at 45 degrees C and 25.0 +/- 1.1 mJ m(-2) at 70 degrees C. This relatively minor change of gamma(SF) and temperature causes a significant change of the dominant deformation mechanism in the alloy. At room temperature (25 degrees C) significant amounts of stacking faults form at 0.05 true strain, with subsequent formation of large fractions of deformation-induced alpha' and epsilon-martensite, 0.4 and 0.05, at 0.4 true strain, respectively. With increasing temperature (45 degrees C) fewer stacking faults form at low strain and thereupon also smaller alpha' - and epsilon-martensite fractions form, 0.2 and 0.025, at 0.4 true strain, respectively. At the highest temperature (70 degrees C) plastic deformation primarily occurs by the generation and glide of perfect dislocations at low strain, while at higher strain these dislocations dissociate to form stacking faults. The alpha'-martensite fraction formed is significantly less at 70 degrees C reaching 0.1 at 0.4 strain, whilst epsilon-martensite is not found to form at any strain at this temperature. The temperature-dependent mechanical behavior of the alloy is consistent with the observed dominant deformation mechanisms; the strong work hardening from the TRIP effect at low temperature, and low gamma(SF), decreases significantly with increasing temperature, and gamma(SF).
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