Reduced graphene oxide impregnated in TiO2 for photodegradation of dyes monitored in UV-LED mini-reactor

The photocatalysts of rGO supported on TiO2 were obtained in situ by a sequence of an improved Hummers' method and an eco-friendly hydrothermal procedure. The XRD diffractograms did not present the signals corresponding with the rGO. However, they were detected in micro-Raman because of the characterized signals of D and G bands observed. From TEM, the rGO sheets were visualized covering the surface of TiO2. The photocatalytic experiments were conducted in a real-time monitoring UV-LED mini-reactor (3.0 mL, 5 W and lambda(max) of 365 nm) with small aliquots of sample and catalysts. The catalysts were employed to photodegrade the organic dyes: methylene blue (MB) and tartrazine (TAR), as models or recalcitrant pollutants. The photocatalytic kinetic curves were described by first order kinetic model. Both dyes were completely degraded by all photocatalysts with up to 250 min of irradiation. All supported rGOTiO(2) catalysts presented faster kinetics than the TiO2. For MB degradation, 1rGOTiO(2) was 6x faster and for TAR degradation 1rGOTiO(2) was 3x faster than TiO2. The main action of 1rGOTiO(2) was attributed to the better charge transfer by the higher sp(2) carbon domains. This result indicates that rGOTiO(2) are promising photocatalysts for the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants.

Automated summary

The study obtained rGO supported on TiO2 photocatalysts through an improved method, and the photocatalytic experiments showed that 1rGOTiO(2) catalysts degraded methylene blue and tartrazine dyes 6 times faster and 3 times faster than TiO2, respectively.