A sensitive electrochemical sensor amplified with ionic liquid and N-CQD/Fe3O4 nanoparticles for detection of raloxifene in the presence of tamoxifen as two essentials anticancer drugs

In this study, an N-CQD/Fe3O4 nanoparticle/N-buty-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (N-B-3-MITFB) was inserted into carbon paste electrode (N-CQD/Fe3O4/N-B-3-MITFB/CPE) and used as a nanostructure electrochemical sensor for analysis of raloxifene (RLX) in the presence of tamoxifen (TMX). UV-Vis absorption spectra, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to confirm the synthesis of N-CQD/Fe3O4 nanoparticle. The N-CQD/Fe3O4/N-B-3-MITFB/CPE displayed a wide linear dynamic range (0.04-320 mu M) with a supersensitive detection limit of 10.0 nM for the analysis of RLX using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. RLX and TMX are two anticancer drugs and how they are used is effective in the healing process. Thereby, the proposed sensor was used to determine RLX and TMX simultaneously in pH 5.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) in the best situations of experimentation. The oxidation peaks potential of the two compounds were clearly separated from one another. Additionally, the proposed approach was used efficiently to determine RLX and TMX in trace amounts on pharmaceutical and clinical preparations with great selectivity and sensitivity.

Automated summary

In this study, N-CQD/Fe3O4 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized and applied as a nanostructure electrochemical sensor for the analysis of RLX and TMX in a mixed solution, providing important data for further research on the therapeutic effects of these two anticancer drugs.