期刊
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
卷 682, 期 -, 页码 13-30出版社
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/meps13932
关键词
Taxonomic sufficiency; Taxonomic subset; Benthic assemblages; Functional groups; Wastewater pollution; Southern California
资金
- Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board [JWSS-19-003]
- University of Southern California Sea Grant Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA07OAR4170008]
- NSF [EAR-1124189]
- Slovak Agency for Research and Development [APVV 17-0555]
- Slovak Scientific Grant Agency [VEGA 0169/19]
This study evaluates the performance of different macrobenthic taxonomic sets in capturing spatial and temporal variations in community-level patterns. The results show that polychaetes accurately mirror the whole-fauna patterns, while bivalves are better at detecting the pollution gradient.
Surrogates of macrobenthic assemblages, intended to alleviate the effort and taxonomic expertise required for monitoring, can take many forms, such as using coarser taxonomic levels ('sufficiency') or only a subset of the whole fauna ('subsetting'). Here, the power of both approaches to retain community-level patterns of spatial and temporal variation were evaluated using an exceptionally long (47 yr) infaunal dataset generated from monitoring wastewater impacts on an urban shelf in southern California, USA. Four taxonomic sets (whole infauna, polychaetes, bivalves, malacostracans) were evaluated at 5 resolutions (species, genus, family, order, functional guild) along a pollution gradient subdivided into 2 spatial bins based on proximity to the wastewater outfall (near-field vs. far-field) and 3 temporal bins based on wastewater treatment phases. All taxonomic sets detected weakening of the spatial gradient with improved wastewater treatment, i.e. communities became more similar in richness, evenness, and composition through time, and patterns were robust when coarsened to families or guilds. Polychaetes mirrored ('proxied') whole-fauna patterns most accurately, as expected since they constitute most of the individuals and species. However, bivalves outperformed all other sets in detecting ('indicating') the pollution gradient itself, owing to their breadth of feeding strategies. These results strengthen the consistently positive results from taxonomic coarsening emerging from tests elsewhere and the caveats for taxonomic subsetting: clade strengths serve different objectives. Comparable datasets should exist in environmental agency archives elsewhere, promoting the general surrogacy model. For monitoring programs still in their planning stages, regional insights could be acquired via analogous nested analyses of a single survey.
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