How Far Can We Push the Rigid Oligomers/Polymers toward Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystals?

The emerging ferroelectric nematic (N-F) liquid crystal is a novel 3D-ordered liquid exhibiting macroscopic electric polarization. The combination of the ultrahigh dielectric constant, strong nonlinear optical signal, and high sensitivity to the electric field makes N-F materials promising for the development of advanced liquid crystal electroopic devices. Previously, all studies focused on the rod-shaped small molecules with limited length (l) range and dipole moment (mu) values. Here, through the precision synthesis, we extend the aromatic rod-shaped mesogen to oligomer/polymer (repeat unit up to 12 with monodisperse molecular-weight dispersion) and increase the mu value over 30 Debye (D). The N-F phase has a widespread existence far beyond our expectation and could be observed in all the oligomer/polymer length range. Notably, the N-F phase experiences a nontrivial evolution pathway with the traditional apolar nematic phase completely suppressed, i.e., the N-F phase nucleates directly from the isotropic liquid phase. The discovery of thte ferroelectric packing of oligomer/polymer rods not only offers the concept of extending the N-F state to oligomers/polymers but also provides some previously overlooked insights in oxybenzoate-based liquid crystal polymer materials.

Automated summary

The emerging ferroelectric nematic (N-F) liquid crystal is a novel 3D-ordered liquid exhibiting macroscopic electric polarization. Through precision synthesis of aromatic rod-shaped mesogens, the mu value of the N-F materials can be increased beyond 30 Debye, and the ferroelectric packing of oligomer/polymer rods offers new insights in liquid crystal polymer materials.