Biochar as a means to improve soil fertility and crop productivity: a review

Present-day agriculture is challenged to fulfill with twin objectives of achieving food, fodder, fiber and fuel security as well as restoring soil resources for long-term use. Efficient use of crop residues and other farm wastes by converting them to a useful source of soil amendment is a beneficial way to improve soil fertility. The biochar amendment improves soil moisture retention, aggregate stability, pH, cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), nutrient retention, microbial growth and enzymatic activities.It has been observed in several studies that biochar application improves soil fertility and thus increases crop yields on agricultural lands. Therefore, the use of biochar produced from different organic residues is an effective approach for long-term improvement of soil fertility and crop productivity.

Automated summary

Present-day agriculture faces the challenge of achieving food security and restoring soil resources. Converting crop residues into beneficial soil amendments is an effective way to improve soil fertility. Biochar amendments can improve soil quality and increase crop yields.