期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
卷 126, 期 5, 页码 2394-2402出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09785
关键词
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资金
- Western Economic Diversification (WD) [14328]
- NSERC [RGPIN-2018-04294, RGPIN-2021-02540]
- CREATE programs (Alberta-Technical University of Munich International Graduate School, ATUMS)
- Canada Research Chairs program [CRC 207142, CRC 2020-00352]
Antimony and bismuth are attractive candidates for replacing graphite in Li-ion battery anodes as they can alloy with lithium. The Li-Sb-Bi ternary system has been studied and ternary alloys with different Sb mole fractions were synthesized. These alloys exhibit cubic crystal structures but show a tendency towards phase segregation at certain mole fractions.
Both antimony and bismuth can alloy with up to three molar equivalents of lithium and are therefore attractive candidates or replacing graphite in Li-ion battery anodes. Li3Sb and Li3Bi have the same cubic structure (Fm (3) over barm), but the ternary Li-Sb-Bi system has not been studied. We synthesized Li-3(Sb-x Bi1-x) with different Sb mole fractions at room temperature by ball milling. These ternary alloys all have cubic crystal structures, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), but show a tendency toward phase segregation for x = 0.25 and 0.50. For x = 0.25, the lattice parameter presents a clear positive deviation from Vegard's law in XRD, while for x = 0.50, XRD reveals two phases after milling, with the Bi-rich minority phase diminishing after thermal annealing. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy farovides evidence for a Sb-enriched environment around the Li atoms for Li3Sb0,25Bi0.75, and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation measurements of the binary and ternary alloy phases point to low activation energies and rapid Li-ion difhision in Li3Bi.
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