期刊
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
卷 225, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112326
关键词
Circadian clock; Light; dark cycle; Metabolite fluctuation; Phenylethanoid glycosides; Scrophularia striata
资金
- Tarbiat Modares University (Tehran, Iran)
- Iranian Biotechnology Development Council [980501]
The study revealed that PhGs in Scrophularia striata follow a rhythmic behavior, likely controlled by diel light oscillations and circadian clock. Furthermore, the light/dark cycle controls the carbon and energy flow from light reception to the production and consumption of metabolites.
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are important medicinal compounds found in Scrophularia striata, one of the plant species native to Iran. Since almost all aspects of plant life are controlled by night/light cycle, studying its relationship to valuable plant metabolites production will help us to determine the right time for their extraction. Therefore, the aim of this investigation is to figure out whether the diel light oscillations control PhGs production and how it relates to daily changes in upstream metabolic reactions and circadian clock in S. striata. For this, daily rhythms of metabolic pathways were examined every 4 h during a day/night cycle in 3 groups of control (16 h light/8 h dark), continuous light and darkness. The results showed that acteoside and echinacoside levels in each group peaked during the night and day, respectively. Thus, the PhGs production follows a rhythmic behavior in S. striata, which is probably controlled by circadian clock. Also, the levels of photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolic acids, phytohormones and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL) enzyme activities varied diel in a similar or different way among study groups. The observations revealed that light/dark cycle controls the carbon and energy flow from light reception to the production and consumption of starch, biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, cinnamic acid and coumaric acid, activation of hormonal signaling pathways and enzymes involved in phenylpropanoid pathway. Overall, it can be concluded that PhGs accumulation time-dependent patterns is likely due to daily fluctuations in upstream metabolic reactions induced by light/dark cycle.
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