Simultaneous determination of ZL-01, a novel nucleotide prodrug, and its metabolites in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetic study

ZL-01 is a novel dual-prodrug which shows promise to be an antiviral candidate for hepatitis C virus. Here we have established a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of ZL-01 and its four metabolites (M1, M7, M8, and M9) in rat plasma with special consideration of ex vivo ZL-01, M1, and M7 stability. Several factors affecting the stability were investigated. EDTA and citric acid solution (1 M) were added to plasma to maintain the stability of analytes. The protein-precipitation method was selected with acetonitrile containing sofosbuvir as internal standard (IS). Adequate separation of ZL-01 and its metabolites was achieved on XSelect HSS T3 (3.5 mu m, 4.6 x 150 mm) column by a gradient-elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 599.2 -> 418.5 for ZL-01, m/z 529.7 -> 398.2 for M1, m/z 330.5 -> 182.0 for M7, m/z 260.3 -> 112.1 for M8, m/z 261.3 -> 113.2 for M9 and m/z 530.4 -> 243.4 for IS. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity (r>0.997) for all components. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was in the range of 1-2 ng/ mL. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD) at three different levels were both less than 10.2% and the accuracies (RE) ranged from -3.7-7.6%. The matrix effect and extraction recovery of them ranged from 84% to 110.3% and 88.3-106.3%. This LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantitation of ZL-01 and its metabolites was developed successfully and applied in the pharmacokinetic studies of these in rats. Pharmacokinetic results indicated ZL-01 would be metabolized rapidly and M8 might be the main metabolites after oral absorption. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous determination of ZL-01 and its metabolites in rat plasma, considering stability issues. The method showed good linearity, precision, and accuracy, and was successfully applied in pharmacokinetic studies. Results suggested rapid metabolism of ZL-01 and identified M8 as a main metabolite after oral absorption.