Acetaminophen and Xenobiotic Metabolites in Human Milk and the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Cohort of Extremely Preterm Infants

This retrospective cohort study sought to identify the association between certain xenobiotic metabolites in maternal breast milk and the diagnoses of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants. Several acetaminophen metabolites were associated with a 3- to 6-fold increased odds of these disorders, and metabolites of certain food products, benzoate, and caffeine were associated with decreased odds.

Automated summary

This study investigated the association between certain xenobiotic metabolites in breast milk and the prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants. The findings revealed significant associations between acetaminophen metabolites and increased odds of these disorders, as well as associations between metabolites of certain food products, benzoate, and caffeine and decreased odds.