Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of 1,2,3-triazoles derived from 2,3-seco-dihydrobetulin via a click chemistry approach

In search of new cytotoxic derivatives based on the lupane scaffold, the s eco -lupane azides were coupled with a number of alkynes under the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) conditions to afford 1,2,3-triazoles. Phenylalkynes having different substituents at the para position were used as starting materials. Similarly, coupling of the seco -lupane thiocyanate with sodium azide gave 5-thiotetrazole. The cytotoxicity of thirteen derivatives were investigated, as well as the effect of substituents in the phenyl ring on the activity of 1,2,3-triazoles. Limited activity was observed for some of these products. Most of the studied compounds were inactive in cancer cell lines and healthy fibroblasts. Triazole 46 exhibited cytotoxic activity against CEM and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, however, it was also toxic to normal human BJ fibroblasts. Two other derivatives - triazole 45 and tetrazole 49 - exhibited low cytotoxicity. Compound 49 showed good selectivity towards tumor cell lines compared to normal fibroblasts. This compound did not affect the growth of normal human fibroblasts and therefore has a wide therapeutic window. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

Automated summary

New cytotoxic derivatives based on the lupane scaffold were synthesized and tested for their activity against cancer cell lines and normal fibroblasts. Some derivatives showed cytotoxic activity against cancer cells but were also toxic to normal cells. One compound exhibited selectivity towards tumor cells without affecting the growth of normal cells.