期刊
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
卷 94, 期 4, 页码 1734-1737出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27518
关键词
antibody; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; serum; viral culture; viremia
类别
资金
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development [JP20fk0108453]
- Government Academia Collaboration of Hiroshima Prefecture
This study investigated the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum samples of COVID-19 patients. It found that patients with moderate symptoms had a faster and stronger antibody response compared to those with mild symptoms, and the viral load gradually decreased to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms while fluctuating and persisting in moderate cases. The study sheds light on the immune response, viremia, and antibody acquisition pattern in relation to the severity of infection.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load dynamics in respiratory samples have been studied, but knowledge about changes in serial serum samples of infected patients in relation to their immunological response is lacking. We investigated the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral load and antibody response in sequential serum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and attempted to culture the virus in the serum. A total of 81 sequential serum samples from 10 confirmed COVID-19 patients (5 with mild and 5 with moderate symptoms) were analyzed. Samples were collected during hospitalization and after discharge (median follow-up of 35 days). SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid in the serum was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Total antibody and IgG to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein were analyzed by Chemiluminescent Immunoassays, and neutralizing antibodies were detected using a Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Viremia was observed in all cases at admission, and viral copy gradually dropped to undetectable levels in patients with mild symptoms but fluctuated and remained persistent in moderate cases. The viral culture of samples with the highest viral load for each patient did not show any cytopathic change. The antibody response was faster and higher in moderate cases. This study provides a basic clue for infectious severity-dependent immune response, viremia, and antibody acquisition pattern.
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