Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seafood collected from coastal aquaculture ponds in Taiwan and human health risk assessment

The level and distribution of 16 USEPA Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in aquaculture farmed fish (Mugil cephalus and Oreochromis mossambicus) and shellfish (Corbicula fluminea Formosa and Meretrix lusoria) were determined in Taiwan and then assessed cancer and non-cancer risks for those consuming these kinds of seafood. Results indicated that C. fluminea Formosa accumulated the highest average concentration of total PAHs (43.0 +/- 11.3 ng/g wet weight) while M. lusoria contained the lowest concentration (20.0 +/- 5.8 ng/g) among all species. The low-molecular-weight PAHs were dominant for both fish and shellfish, which consistent with other studies. Notably, parts of high-molecular-weight PAHs were found in shellfish whereas that was little in fish. The calculated hazard quotients (HQ) of all PAHs were smaller than 1 and the incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) for Benzo[a]pyrene were below 1 x 10(-5), suggesting that PAHs in the collected seafood could pose a low hazard to residents. Although the results indicated that the studied seafood is safe for human consumption, children and seniors post relatively higher risks, suggesting that it needs to continue monitoring and control the PAHs concentration in seafood and the associated environments.

Automated summary

The levels and distribution of 16 USEPA PAHs in aquaculture farmed fish and shellfish in Taiwan were determined, with results indicating low cancer and non-cancer risks for consumers. Shellfish had higher total PAH concentrations compared to fish, with a predominance of low-molecular-weight PAHs. The seafood studied was deemed safe for consumption, but ongoing monitoring and control of PAH concentrations are needed, particularly for children and seniors.