Chemical and sensory characterization of Kalecik Karasi wines produced from two different regions in Turkey using chemometrics

Kalecik Karasi (KK) is one of the important native grape varieties of Turkey used in red wine production. As an extension of a previous project that profiled the sensory characteristics of KK wines from different geographic regions of Turkey, this study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and sensory properties of KK wines belonging to different vintages from two different regions (Kalecik/Ankara and Guney/Denizli) using the chemometric technique. Identification and quantification of aroma, aroma-active compounds, and sensory evaluations were carried out by GC/MS/FID, GC-O, and Descriptive Analyses. PLSR was used for determining the correlation between chemical and sensory data. A total of 26 aroma-active compounds have been identified for both regions. Based on PLSR, red fruit attribute in wines was positively correlated with isoamylacetate, ethyl-hexadecanoate, ethyl-4-hydroxybutanoate, and 2-phenylethyl acetate. Dried fruit attribute has shown a significant positive correlation with ethyl-2-methyl-propanoate, ethyl-2-methylbutanoate, and ethyl-3-methylbutanoate. The cotton candy attribute was positively correlated with 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylethyl acetate, ethyl-4-hydroxybutanoate, and gamma-butyrolactone. Novelty impact statement This is the first study in the literature to determine the correlation between chemical and sensory data in Kalecik Karasi wines. The study determined that common aroma descriptors of KK wines include red fruit (strawberry, raspberry, and apple), dried fruit, cotton candy, flower, and spice (sweet spices and nutmeg) odors. The characterization of the wines using chemometrics is an important tool. The findings obtained may constitute a source for quality Kalecik Karasi wines in transition to the Geographical Indication system.

Automated summary

This study investigated the chemical composition and sensory properties of KK wines from different regions and vintages in Turkey using chemometric techniques. Common aroma descriptors of KK wines include red fruit, dried fruit, cotton candy, flower, and spice odors. This study is the first to determine the correlation between chemical and sensory data in Kalecik Karasi wines.