A new species of Cambeva (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Iguacu basin, Parana State, Brazil and redescription of Cambeva stawiarski (Miranda Ribeiro 1968)

This work aimed to describe Cambeva cauim, sp. nov., endemic to the Rio Iguacu basin, Brazil and redescribe Cambeva stawiarski using external and internal morphological data through the revision of specimens deposited in fish collections, including the type material. In this process, we have also added comments on the possible type locality of C. stawiarski. C. cauim, sp. nov. and C. stawiarski are mainly diagnosed by the anatomy and number of procurrent caudal-fin rays in addition to colouration and several meristic and morphometric characters. Both species are compared with other possibly related species and their synapomorphic characters are discussed. C. cauim, sp. nov. and C. stawiarski along with eight other congeners are endemic to the Rio Iguacu basin, a high impacted freshwater region which could be considered as a biodiversity hotspot to the genus.

Automated summary

This study aimed to describe a new species, Cambeva cauim, endemic to the Rio Iguacu basin in Brazil, and to redescribe Cambeva stawiarski using morphological data. Both species are mainly diagnosed by caudal-fin rays, coloration, and other morphometric characters. They, along with eight other congeners, are endemic to the Rio Iguacu basin, a region with high biodiversity impact.