Honeycomb-like biomass carbon with planted CoNi3 alloys to form hierarchical composites for high-performance supercapacitors

It is a significant challenge to combine a large pseudocapacitive material with conductive honeycomb like carbon frameworks for long-term stable supercapacitors. Herein, hierarchical composite materials are manufactured by using biomass carbon, ZIF-67, and a mild pore former (Ni(CH3COO)(2)) to generate alloy-type CoNi3 nanoparticles planted into conductive honeycomb-like carbon frameworks (C@ZIF-67T). Meanwhile, the effect of carbonization temperature on the honeycomb-like pore size and the structure of composite materials is systematically investigated. As the honeycomb-like carbon skeleton structure guarantees good ionic and electronic conductivities and a large contact area, whereas the alloy nanoparticles provide a rich redox reaction for Faradaic capacitance. Therefore, the as-obtained C@ZIF-67-600 electrode presents a remarkable specific capacitance of 1044.8 F.g(-1) at 1.0 A.g(-1) and an ultra-long cycling stability with 30,000 cycles at 5.0 A.g(-1) in a three-electrode system. In addition, the assembled C@ZIF-67-600//activated carbon asymmetrical supercapacitor exhibit a high specific capacitance of 274.4F.g(-1) at 1.0 A.g(-1) and a long-term stable lifespan with a capacitance retention of 87% after 20,000 cycles at 5.0 A.g(-1). Besides, the asymmetrical supercapacitor also presents a maximum energy density of 85.13 Wh.kg(-1) at a power density of 750 W.kg(-1). Such superior electrochemical performance demonstrate that the designed electrode material provides a promising energy storage application. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Hierarchical composite materials made from biomass carbon, ZIF-67, and a mild pore former are able to generate alloy-type CoNi3 nanoparticles planted into conductive honeycomb-like carbon frameworks, leading to a remarkable specific capacitance and ultra-long cycling stability. Besides, the asymmetrical supercapacitor also exhibits a high specific capacitance, long-term stable lifespan, and maximum energy density, making it a promising energy storage application.