期刊
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
卷 239, 期 6, 页码 1241-1255出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/joa.13577
关键词
history; non-compact myelin; live-imaging; silver carbonate staining
资金
- UK MS Society [38, 127]
- NIH/National Library of Medicine [G13LM011465]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [TRR 274/1 2020-408885537]
- European Research Council
- ERC
- MyeliNANO
The review discusses the original contributions of Pio del Rio-Hortega to the understanding of the myelinic channel system and proposes a slightly revised model of the sheath. Research reveals the complexity of the myelinic channel system in mature myelin sheaths and its potential for subtle shape changes over time.
A century ago this year, Pio del Rio-Hortega (1921) coined the term 'oligodendroglia' for the 'interfascicular glia' with very few processes, launching an extensive discovery effort on his new cell type. One hundred years later, we review his original contributions to our understanding of the system of cytoplasmic channels within myelin in the context of what we observe today using light and electron microscopy of genetically encoded fluorescent reporters and immunostaining. We use the term myelinic channel system to describe the cytoplasm-delimited spaces associated with myelin; being the paranodal loops, inner and outer tongues, cytoplasm-filled spaces through compact myelin and further complex motifs associated to the sheath. Using a central nervous system myelinating cell culture model that contains all major neural cell types and produces compact myelin, we find that td-tomato fluorescent protein delineates the myelinic channel system in a manner reminiscent of the drawings of adult white matter by Rio-Hortega, despite that he questioned whether some cytoplasmic figures he observed represented artefact. Together, these data lead us to propose a slightly revised model of the 'unrolled' sheath. Further, we show that the myelinic channel system, while relatively stable, can undergo subtle dynamic shape changes over days. Importantly, we capture an under-appreciated complexity of the myelinic channel system in mature myelin sheaths.
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