期刊
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
卷 149, 期 1, 页码 65-+出版社
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.014
关键词
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 disease; IgM; IgA; IgG; mem-ory T cells; memory B cells; young adults; population-based cohort; asthma; risk factors
资金
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ATAC) [101003650]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC) [757919 TRIBAL]
- Karolinska Institutet
- Region Stockholm (ALF project)
This population-based study explored the humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in young adults and the characteristics of COVID-19 disease. The study found that 28.4% of young adults had seropositivity to SARS-CoV-2, and a portion of them were asymptomatic. The use of public transport was associated with seropositivity, but factors such as sex, asthma, rhinitis, smoking, or body mass index were not. A subset of participants had detectable B-cell and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2, indicating immune memory.
Background: Young adults are now considered major spreaders of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Although most young individuals experience mild to moderate disease, there are concerns of long-term adverse health effects. The impact of COVID-19 disease and to which extent population-level immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exists in young adults remain unclear. Objective: We conducted a population-based study on humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and explored COVID-19 disease characteristics in young adults. Methods: We invited participants from the Swedish BAMSE (Barn [Children], Allergy Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort (age 24-27 years) to take part in a COVID-19 followup. From 980 participants (October 2020 to June 2021), we here present data on SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG titers measured by ELISA and on symptoms and epidemiologic factors associated with seropositivity. Further, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B-and T-cell responses were detected for a subpopulation (n 5 108) by ELISpot and FluoroSpot. Results: A total of 28.4% of subjects were seropositive, of whom 18.4% were IgM single positive. One in 7 seropositive subjects was asymptomatic. Seropositivity was associated with use of public transport, but not with sex, asthma, rhinitis, IgE sensitization, smoking, or body mass index. In a subset of representative samples, 20.7% and 35.0% had detectable SARSCoV-2 specific B-and T-cell responses, respectively. B-and T-cell memory responses were clearly associated with seropositivity, but T-cell responses were also detected in 17.2% of seronegative subjects. Conclusions: Assessment of IgM and T-cell responses may improve population-based estimations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pronounced surge of both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections among young adults indicates that the large-scale vaccination campaign should be continued. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022;149:65-75.)
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