期刊
JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
卷 185, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2021.104389
关键词
Ecca group; Beaufort group; Biostratigraphy; Permian; Ecca sea; Tapinocephalus assemblage zone; Daptocephalus assemblage zone
资金
- National Research Foundation (NRF)
- Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST)
- Geological Society of South Africa's Research, Education and Investment (REI) Fund
- African Origins Platform
- DSINRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences (CoE-Pal)
The Karoo Supergroup in South Africa is known for its almost continuous Carboniferous to Jurassic deposition in a foreland basin setting, hosting a unique record of fossil tetrapods that provides insight into terrestrial biodiversity change. Recent studies have greatly improved the understanding of litho, bio-, and chronostratigraphy of the Karoo Basin, with a focus on the thicker and better-exposed rocks in the basinal foredeep.
The Karoo Supergroup of South Africa, internationally renowned for its almost continuous Carboniferous to Jurassic record of deposition in a foreland basin setting, hosts an unparalleled record of fossil tetrapods that provides unique insight into terrestrial biodiversity change over this extended period. Understanding of the litho, bio- and chronostratigraphy of the Karoo Basin has greatly improved in recent years but most work has focused on the thicker and better-exposed rocks in the basinal foredeep. A core issue that has remained ambiguous is the stratigraphic placement of the diachronous Ecca-Beaufort contact, for which different criteria have been used during mapping in different parts of the main Karoo Basin. Comparison of biostratigraphy and contrasting lithological facies changes with those in the better-studied foredeep enabled us to revise the lithostratigraphy of the Ecca and Beaufort groups in the distal part of the main Karoo Basin. The presence of proximal marine facies associations in the distal sector conform with the definition of the Waterford Formation of the Ecca Group, so far recognised only in the southern foredeep. The upper contact of the Waterford Formation represents a change from a subaqueous to a subaerial delta plain depositional environment and marks the boundary between the Ecca and Beaufort groups, as in the south. This has consequences for Beaufort Group stratigraphic subdivision in the distal sector of the Karoo foreland basin.
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