Synthesis and regulation mechanism of bio-oil-glucose phenolic resin using furfural as cross-linking agent

Biobased polymers have become one of the substitutes of petro-products, which can address the issue of fossil resource shortage and environmental pollution. In this work, bio-oil-formaldehyde-glucose (BFG) resins were prepared via a three-step method, in which furfural as cross-linking agent was loading via phenolation, hydroxymethylation and copolymerization, respectively. The effect of glucose content and furfural loading time on the performance of BFG resins had been studied in detail. Thermal stability of BFG resins was analyzed by simultaneous thermal analyzer (STA). The chemical structure of the BFG resins was characterized by H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR techniques. BFG resin with furfural loading via phenolation step (named BFG_P) was synthesis, which the total substitution rate of petro-chemicals by biobased raw materials for phenolic resin was reached 95.28%. The dry strength of BFG_P was 1.76 MPa. The results showed that furfural and bio-oil were benefited to the thermal stability of the BFG resins in the first and second stages. The mechanism of furfural regulating the dry strength of the BFG resins may be close to the number of cross-linking units, whose order was arranged as phenolation > hydroxymethylation > copolymerization. Our results suggested that BFG resins have a good future in the field of wood adhesives. [GRAPHICS] .

Automated summary

In this study, bio-oil-formaldehyde-glucose (BFG) resins were prepared using furfural as a cross-linking agent, and the effect of glucose content and furfural loading time on the performance of BFG resins was studied. The results showed that BFG resins have potential application prospects in the field of wood adhesives.