Determinants of treatment outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant TB

BACKGROUND: Treating multidrug-resistant TB nants and timing of poor outcomes during MDR-TB treatment are still poorly understood. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on all adult MDR-TB patients treated at Persahabatan December 2016. Risk factors for poor outcomes were analysed using Cox regression. RESULTS: Death occurred at a median time of 6 months (IQR 4-14) and loss to follow-up (LTFU) at 7 months (IQR 3-11). In multivariate analysis, advanced age (aHR 2.91, 95% CI 1.21-6.96; P = 0.017 for age .60 years), having diabetes mellitus (aHR 2.18, 95% CI 1.25-3.82; P = 0.006) and HIV co-infection (aHR 3.73, 95% CI 1.14-12.23; P = 0.030) were predictive of poor outcome in the first 7 months of treatment, whereas history of LTFU (patients who were LTFU once: aHR 2.14, 95% CI 1.33-3.47; P = 0.002; patients who were LTFU more than once: aHR 3.61, 95% CI 1.68-7.77; P = 0.001) and baseline body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 (aHR 1.98, 95% CI 1.10-3.56; P = 0.022) predicted poor outcome after 7 months of treatment. CONCLUSION: Different subsets of patients with MDR-TB are at risk of poor outcome at different times during treatment.

Automated summary

Different subsets of MDR-TB patients are at risk of poor outcomes at different times during treatment. Factors such as advanced age, diabetes, HIV co-infection, history of loss to follow-up, and low baseline body mass index can predict poor outcomes in MDR-TB patients.