期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
卷 42, 期 9, 页码 805-824出版社
IEEE COMPUTER SOC
DOI: 10.1109/TSE.2016.2532875
关键词
Metamorphic testing; oracle problem; survey
资金
- European Commission (FEDER)
- Spanish Government under CICYT projects TAPAS [TIN2012-32273]
- BELI [TIN2015-70560-R]
- Andalusian Government project THEOS [TIC-5906]
- Andalusian Government project COPAS [P12-TIC-1867]
A test oracle determines whether a test execution reveals a fault, often by comparing the observed program output to the expected output. This is not always practical, for example when a program's input-output relation is complex and difficult to capture formally. Metamorphic testing provides an alternative, where correctness is not determined by checking an individual concrete output, but by applying a transformation to a test input and observing how the program output morphs into a different one as a result. Since the introduction of such metamorphic relations in 1998, many contributions on metamorphic testing have been made, and the technique has seen successful applications in a variety of domains, ranging from web services to computer graphics. This article provides a comprehensive survey on metamorphic testing: It summarises the research results and application areas, and analyses common practice in empirical studies of metamorphic testing as well as the main open challenges.
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