期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 23, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020825
关键词
adventitious roots; auxin localization; brassinazole; CdSO4; epibrassinolide; lateral roots; nitric oxide epifluorescence; nitroprusside; quiescent center; root apices
资金
- Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) [RG120172B773D1FF]
Brassinosteroids in the root system of Arabidopsis can counteract the effects of cadmium on different root types and improve root development and auxin localization by modulating nitric oxide.
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) affects root system development and quiescent center (QC)-definition in Arabidopsis root-apices. The brassinosteroids-(BRs)-mediated tolerance to heavy metals has been reported to occur by a modulation of nitric oxide (NO) and root auxin-localization. However, how BRs counteract Cd-action in different root types is unknown. This research aimed to find correlations between BRs and NO in response to Cd in Arabidopsis's root system, monitoring their effects on QC-definition and auxin localization in root-apices. To this aim, root system developmental changes induced by low levels of 24-epibrassinolide (eBL) or by the BR-biosynthesis inhibitor brassinazole (Brz), combined or not with CdSO4, and/or with the NO-donor nitroprusside (SNP), were investigated using morpho-anatomical and NO-epifluorescence analyses, and monitoring auxin-localization by the DR5::GUS system. Results show that eBL, alone or combined with Cd, enhances lateral (LR) and adventitious (AR) root formation and counteracts QC-disruption and auxin-delocalization caused by Cd in primary root/LR/AR apices. Exogenous NO enhances LR and AR formation in Cd-presence, without synergism with eBL. The NO-signal is positively affected by eBL, but not in Cd-presence, and BR-biosynthesis inhibition does not change the low NO-signal caused by Cd. Collectively, results show that BRs ameliorate Cd-effects on all root types acting independently from NO.
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