Recent progress of efficient utilization of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag

Titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (BFS) has valuable compositions and potential environmental hazardousness. Thus, developing efficient and green approaches to utilize BFS is highly desired for resource economization and environmental protection. In the past decades, many attempts have been adopted to reuse BFS efficiently, and significant advances in understanding the fundamental features and the development of efficient approaches have been achieved. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress on the efficient utilization of BFS and discusses the mechanism and characteristics of various approaches, along with their application prospects. In particular, the extraction and enrichment of titanium-bearing phases from BFS are highlighted because of the high availability of titanium resources. This systemic and comprehensive review may benefit the design of new and green utilization routes with high efficiency and low cost.

Automated summary

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress on the efficient utilization of titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (BFS), discusses the mechanism and characteristics of various approaches, and highlights the extraction and enrichment of titanium-bearing phases from BFS.