An ultrahigh-energy density and wide potential window aqueous electrolyte supercapacitor built by polypyrrole/aniline 2-sulfonic acid modified carbon felt electrode

In this study, excellent performance and wide operating voltage are obtained with an aqueous electrolyte. Aqueous electrolytes are attracted more attention than other electrolytes (such as organic solvents, ionic liquids) in supercapacitor applications because of their safety, low cost, nontoxicity. Polypyrrole (PPy), aniline 2-sulfonic acid (ASA) modified electrodes are hydrothermal synthesized on carbon felt (CFt) for supercapacitor applications. We investigate the presence of the concentration of ASA on the polymerization of the PPy. Furthermore, a high operating voltage of 3.0 V asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with graphite plate is assembled 3 M KCI. CFt/PPy/ASA(0.02)//GP exhibits a high specific capacitance value of 902.9 F g(-1) at 5 mV s(-1) and after 5000 cycle-life testing 93.6% capacitance retention at a scan rate of 1000 mV s(-1). The assembled ASC has an ultrahigh-energy density of 1005 Wh kg(-1) while delivering a power density of 3000 W kg(-1) at a current density of 2 A g(-1). The effect of ASA concentration on the supercapacitor performance has been observed.

Automated summary

In this study, excellent performance and wide operating voltage were achieved using an aqueous electrolyte in supercapacitors. Aqueous electrolytes are preferred over other electrolytes due to their safety, low cost, and non-toxicity. Polypyrrole (PPy) and aniline 2-sulfonic acid (ASA) modified electrodes were synthesized using a hydrothermal method on carbon felt (CFt) for supercapacitor applications. The concentration of ASA was found to affect the polymerization of PPy. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with a high operating voltage of 3.0 V was assembled using graphite plate and 3 M KCI. The CFt/PPy/ASA(0.02)//GP configuration exhibited a high specific capacitance of 902.9 F g(-1) at a scan rate of 5 mV s(-1) and retained 93.6% of capacitance after 5000 cycle-life testing at a scan rate of 1000 mV s(-1). The assembled ASC demonstrated an ultrahigh energy density of 1005 Wh kg(-1) and a power density of 3000 W kg(-1) at a current density of 2 A g(-1). The impact of ASA concentration on supercapacitor performance was observed.