期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 18, 期 2, 页码 536-551出版社
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64537
关键词
Alpha-fetoprotein; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver transplantation; Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy; T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell therapy
资金
- National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar of China [81625003]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81930016]
- Key Research & Development Plan of Zhejiang Province [2019C03050, 2021C03118]
AFP has been widely used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC, and potential novel therapies like AFP vaccines and ACT show promise in treating HCC.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and has been acknowledged as a leading cause of death among cirrhosis patients. Difficulties in early diagnosis and heterogeneity are obstacles to effective treatment, especially for advanced HCC. Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the best therapy for HCC. Although many biomarkers are being proposed, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was identified over 60 years ago, remains the most utilized. Recently, much hope has been placed in the immunogenicity of AFP to develop novel therapies, such as AFP vaccines and AFP-specific adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT). This review summarizes the performance of AFP as a biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis, as well as its correlation with molecular classes. In addition, the role of AFP in LT is also described. Finally, we highlight the mechanism and application prospects of two immune therapies (AFP vaccine and ACT) for HCC. In general, our review points out the prevalence of AFP in HCC, accompanied by some controversies and novel directions for future research.
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