期刊
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
卷 99, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107933
关键词
TIM-3; Gal-9; Autoimmune diseases; Tumors
TIM-3, originally found on Th1 cells, has been discovered to be expressed on various immune cells with different ligands and effects. It plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases, chronic viral infections and tumors. Targeting TIM-3 is a promising approach in current immunotherapy, especially in combination with other immune checkpoint blockers.
T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) was originally found to be expressed on the surface of Th1 cells, acting as a negative regulator and binding to the ligand galectin-9 to mediate Th1 cell the apoptosis. Recent studies have shown that TIM-3 is also expressed on other immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and monocytes. In addition, TIM-3 ligands also include Psdter, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) and Carcinoembryonic antigen associated cell adhesion molecules (Ceacam-1), which have different effects upon biding to different ligands on immune cells. Studies have shown that TIM-3 plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, chronic viral infections and tumors. A large amount of experimental data supports TIM-3 as an immune checkpoint, and targeting TIM-3 is a promising treatment method in current immunotherapy, especially the new combination of other immune checkpoint blockers. In this review, we summarize the role of TIM-3 in different diseases and its possible signaling pathway mechanisms, providing new insights for better breakthrough immunotherapy.
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