4.5 Review

Present status and future directions-Vital pulp treatment and pulp preservation strategies

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Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A critical analysis of research methods to study clinical molecular biomarkers in Endodontic research

Matthias Zehnder et al.

Summary: This narrative review discusses the use of biomarkers in clinical Endodontic research, highlighting the importance of addressing clinical problems through suitable diagnostic biomarkers. The study focuses on two clinical issues, reversible versus irreversible pulpitis and persistent idiopathic dentoalveolar pain, to demonstrate the role of biomarkers in understanding complex dental pathologies and guiding appropriate treatment strategies.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2022)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

MMP-9 Levels and NaOCl Lavage in Randomized Trial on Direct Pulp Capping

N. Ballal et al.

Summary: In this study, it was found that the levels of neutrophil gelatinase 9 (MMP-9)/total protein (TP) and NaOCl lavage significantly influenced pulp survival in cariously exposed and directly capped teeth, while mild preoperative discomfort did not have an impact.

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH (2022)

Article Oncology

Epigenetic therapy to enhance therapeutic effects of PD-1 inhibition in therapy-resistant melanoma

Vasu R. Sah et al.

Summary: This study investigated the potential of enhancing immunotherapy with epigenetic inhibitors for therapy-resistant skin melanoma or UM. Results showed that HDAC inhibition and immunotherapy could work in concert, with specific inhibitors enhancing tumor killing effects. Further exploration of combined immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy for PD-1 inhibition resistant metastatic melanoma is warranted.

MELANOMA RESEARCH (2022)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Frightened of the pulp? A qualitative analysis of undergraduate student confidence and stress during the management of deep caries and the exposed pulp

V. Chevalier et al.

Summary: The study aimed to evaluate student confidence and stress sources during the management of deep carious lesions and exposed pulp in undergraduate clinics. Findings indicated that students lacked confidence near the pulp, preferred selective caries removal techniques to reduce pulp exposure, and suggested improvements to enhance confidence and improve treatment provision.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

The management of deep carious lesions and the exposed pulp amongst members of two European endodontic societies: a questionnaire-based study

R. Careddu et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate and compare the views on management of deep caries and exposed pulp by members of the Irish Endodontic Society (IES) and the Italian Academy of Endodontics (AIE). The results showed that patient symptoms and age significantly influenced treatment decisions and invasiveness, with varying preferences in treatment approaches and materials between the two societies.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A macroscopic and histological analysis of radiographically well-defined deep and extremely deep carious lesions: carious lesion characteristics as indicators of the level of bacterial penetration and pulp response

S. Demant et al.

Summary: The study found significant associations between a closed environment (involving 1-2 surfaces) and the presence of biofilm, retrograde demineralization, and light-colored demineralized dentine in caries activity variables. Radiographically defined deep lesions tended to have bacteria only in the primary dentine, while extremely deep carious lesions tended to have bacteria in contact with the pulpal tissue, as well as inflammatory infiltrate and partial pulp necrosis. Hyperplastic pulps were only seen in extremely deep lesions.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

The global prevalence of apical periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

C. S. Tiburcio-Machado et al.

Summary: Half of the adult population worldwide have at least one tooth with apical periodontitis. The prevalence of AP is greater in samples from the dental care services, but it is also high amongst community representative samples from the general population. The present findings should bring the attention of health policymakers, medical and dental communities to the hidden burden of endodontic disease in the population worldwide.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Efficacy of direct pulp capping for management of cariously exposed pulps in permanent teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

S. Cushley et al.

Summary: The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the outcome of direct pulp capping in mature permanent teeth with a cariously exposed pulp and a clinical diagnosis of reversible pulpitis. The results showed that mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) had better success rates compared to calcium hydroxide, with Biodentine also showing promising outcomes. However, the evidence was based on studies of poor methodological quality.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

New International Classification of Orofacial Pain: What Is in It For Endodontists?

Maria Pigg et al.

Summary: Pain is a common symptom in endodontic conditions, and differential diagnostic procedures are necessary to exclude other pain origins. Dentists and endodontists should be familiar with the new International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP) to accurately identify various orofacial painful conditions and provide proper treatment.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2021)

Letter Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Endodontic position statements in deep caries management highlight need for clarification and consensus for patient benefit

Henry F. Duncan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of endodontic treatment for pulpitis and apical periodontitis for use in the development of European Society of Endodontology (ESE) S3 level clinical practice guidelines: a protocol

H. F. Duncan et al.

Summary: The European Society of Endodontology is developing S3Level Clinical Practice Guidelines for the treatment of pulpal and apical disease. Standardized core outcomes and minimum follow-up times specific to each outcome measure are essential for the homogenous review process. This project aims to define appropriate clinician and patient-reported outcomes, which will be used in subsequent literature analyses to assess the effectiveness of endodontic treatment.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Immunoengineering the next generation of arthritis therapies

Molly Klimak et al.

Summary: Immunoengineering has advanced new approaches for treating joint diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, emphasizing the importance of precise targeting and controlled delivery strategies for better therapeutic outcomes. By leveraging biomaterials and genetic engineering, immunoengineering has the potential to revolutionize the understanding, treatment, and prevention of joint diseases.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2021)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

The development of European Society of Endodontology S3-level guidelines for the treatment of pulpal and apical disease

H. F. Duncan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Potential application of immunotherapy for modulation of pulp inflammation: opportunities for vital pulp treatment

S. Arora et al.

Summary: Caries can lead to mineral loss and destruction of enamel and dentine, potentially progressing to irreversible pulpitis. Vital pulp therapy aims to preserve the pulp and prevent inflammation progression, but outcomes are not always predictable. Chronic inflammation and prolonged cytokine release may cause irreversible pulp damage and reduced tissue healing capacity.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Identification and validation of novel biomarkers and therapeutics for pulpitis using connectivity mapping

Banan Al-Natour et al.

Summary: An irreversible pulpitis gene signature was created using microarray data, followed by bioinformatics analysis to identify potential therapeutic compounds. Novel pulpitis biomarkers were validated, and compounds identified by connectivity mapping showed promising effects in reducing inflammatory biomarkers in an ex vivo pulpitis model.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

How is carious pulp exposure and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis managed in UK primary dental care?

David Edwards et al.

Summary: The study found that primary care dentists in the UK deviated from evidence-based guidelines in various aspects of vital pulp treatment, including material selection, asepsis, and case selection. Lack of training was identified as the main barrier, particularly evident in NHS practice. Non-UK graduates and dentists with postgraduate qualifications were more likely to adhere to evidence-based VPT guidelines.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of endodontic treatment for pulpitis and apical periodontitis for use in the development of European Society of Endodontology S3-level clinical practice guidelines: A consensus-based development

Henry F. Duncan et al.

Summary: The study aimed to identify appropriate outcome measures and follow-up times for evaluating the effectiveness of endodontic treatment for pulpitis and apical periodontitis, to be used in the development of ESE S3-level guidelines.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A prospective clinical study investigating the effectiveness of partial pulpotomy after relating preoperative symptoms to a new and established classification of pulpitis

Roberto Careddu et al.

Summary: The study investigated the outcome of partial pulpotomy using HCSC for treating symptomatic cariously exposed pulps in adult teeth after 1 year, showing a success rate of 90% with a higher failure rate in extremely deep carious lesions. The Wolters classification system indicated that severe pulpitis had a lower success rate, while caries depth was an indicator of failure.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Letter Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Proposal for a new diagnostic terminology to describe the status of the dental pulp

Johnah C. Galicia et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

The management of deep caries in UK primary care: A nationwide questionnaire-based study

David Edwards et al.

Summary: The management of deep caries in primary dental care in the UK shows significant variations in approaches and attitudes, lack of consensus on systematic diagnosis, and treatment standards. Issues include low rubber dam compliance, common non-selective caries removal, and lack of use of certain materials like CSCs and GIC.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2021)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Improving the quality of randomized trials in Endodontics

H. F. Duncan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2020)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Treatment of stage I-III periodontitis-The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline

Mariano Sanz et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY (2020)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Call for a review of diagnostic nomenclature and terminology used in Endodontics

D. -K. Rechenberg et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2020)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Conservative Management of Mature Permanent Teeth with Carious Pulp Exposure

Nessrin A. Taha et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2020)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Pulp Innate Immune Defense: Translational Opportunities

Henry F. Duncan et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2020)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Dissecting dentine-pulp injury and wound healing responses: consequences for regenerative endodontics

H. F. Duncan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2019)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Management of deep caries and the exposed pulp

L. Bjorndal et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2019)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Vital pulp therapy: histopathology and histobacteriology-based guidelines to treat teeth with deep caries and pulp exposure

Domenico Ricucci et al.

JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (2019)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Pulpotomy for mature carious teeth with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis: A systematic review

Siobhan Cushley et al.

JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (2019)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

European Society of Endodontology position statement: Management of deep caries and the exposed pulp

P. M. H. Dummer et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2019)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Mineral trioxide aggregate and other bioactive endodontic cements: an updated overview - part I: vital pulp therapy

M. Parirokh et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Full Pulpotomy with Biodentine in Symptomatic Young Permanent Teeth with Carious Exposure

Nessrin A. Taha et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Dentinogenic effects of extracted dentin matrix components digested with matrix metalloproteinases

Motoki Okamoto et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Outcomes of Vital Pulp Therapy Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate or Biodentine: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

Lama Awawdeh et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Partial caries removal in deep caries lesions: a 5-year multicenter randomized controlled trial

M. Maltz et al.

CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Outcomes of Partial and Complete Caries Excavation in Permanent Teeth: A 18 Month Clinical Study

Monika Khokhar et al.

CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL DENTISTRY (2018)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Management of pulps exposed during carious tissue removal in adults: a multi-national questionnaire-based survey

Lina Stangvaltaite et al.

CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Ultrasonic activation of irrigants increases growth factor release from human dentine

M. Widbiller et al.

CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Dentists' attitudes and behaviour regarding deep carious lesion management: a multi-national survey

Falk Schwendicke et al.

CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Mineral trioxide aggregate pulpotomy for permanent molars with clinical signs indicative of irreversible pulpitis: a preliminary study

M. A. Qudeimat et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Assessment of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with carious exposures

N. A. Taha et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Growth factor release from dentine matrix by pulp-capping agents promotes pulp tissue repair-associated events

P. L. Tomson et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Release of bio-active dentine extracellular matrix components by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi)

H. F. Duncan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Capping carious exposures in adults: a randomized controlled trial investigating mineral trioxide aggregate versus calcium hydroxide

R. Kundzina et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Minimally invasive endodontics: a new diagnostic system for assessing pulpitis and subsequent treatment needs

W. J. Wolters et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Randomized Clinical Trials on Deep Carious Lesions: 5-Year Follow-up

L. Bjorndal et al.

JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A randomized controlled trial of various MTA materials for partial pulpotomy in permanent teethe

Chung-Min Kang et al.

JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (2017)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

EDTA conditioning of dentine promotes adhesion, migration and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

K. M. Galler et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2016)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Exploiting the Bioactive Properties of the Dentin-Pulp Complex in Regenerative Endodontics

Anthony J. Smith et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2016)

Editorial Material Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Regenerative endodontics A way forward

Anibal Diogenes et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION (2016)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Biological Markers for Pulpal Inflammation: A Systematic Review

Dan-Krister Rechenberg et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Outcome of Direct Pulp Capping with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Prospective Study

Miguel Seruca Marques et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2015)

Review Cell Biology

Dental Pulp Defence and Repair Mechanisms in Dental Caries

Jean-Christophe Farges et al.

MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION (2015)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Apical periodontitis and the technical quality of root canal treatment in an adult sub-population in London

G. Di Filippo et al.

BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL (2014)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Treatment Outcome of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate or Calcium Hydroxide Direct Pulp Capping: Long-term Results

Johannes Mente et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2014)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Correlation between Clinical and Histologic Pulp Diagnoses

Domenico Ricucci et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2014)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Inflammation and Regeneration in the Dentin-Pulp Complex: A Double-edged Sword

Paul R. Cooper et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2014)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Treatment preferences of deep carious lesions in mature teeth: Questionnaire study among dentists in Northern Norway

Lina Stangvaltaite et al.

ACTA ODONTOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA (2013)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Tertiary dentinogenesis with calcium hydroxide: A review of proposed mechanisms

P. Sangwan et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2013)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Should pulp chamber pulpotomy be seen as a permanent treatment? Some preliminary thoughts

S. Simon et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2013)

Editorial Material Medicine, Research & Experimental

Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: issues to consider

Paula R. Williamson et al.

TRIALS (2012)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment: part 1: periapical health

Y. -L. Ng et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2011)

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

GRADE guidelines: 2. Framing the question and deciding on important outcomes

Gordon H. Guyatt et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (2011)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on Rat Dental Pulp Cells Cultured on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Hajime Minamikawa et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2011)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A First Study on the Usefulness of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 from Dentinal Fluid to Indicate Pulp Inflammation

Matthias Zehnder et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2011)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Vital Pulp Therapy in Vital Permanent Teeth with Cariously Exposed Pulp: A Systematic Review

Panuroot Aguilar et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2011)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate - An observational study

George Bogen et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION (2008)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Dissolution of bio-active dentine matrix components by mineral trioxide aggregate

Phillip L. Tomson et al.

JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (2007)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

The radiographic outcomes of direct pulp-capping procedures performed by dental students - A retrospective study

Ahmad S. Al-Hiyasat et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION (2006)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Success rate of endodontic treatment of teeth with vital and nonvital pulps. A meta-analysis

K Kojima et al.

ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY AND ENDODONTOLOGY (2004)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Is pulpitis painful?

PL Michaelson et al.

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL (2002)

Review Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Pulpal responses to caries and dental repair

AJ Smith

CARIES RESEARCH (2002)

Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

Pulp capping of carious exposures: Treatment outcome after 5 and 10 years: A retrospective study

CR Barthel et al.

JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS (2000)