期刊
INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
卷 183, 期 4, 页码 398-408出版社
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000520149
关键词
Allergy; Childhood; Eczema; Food allergy; Short-chain fatty acids
资金
- Swedish Foundation for Health Care Science
- Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
- Research and Development unit of the County Council in Jamtland
- County Councils in Northern Sweden
- Queen Silvia's Jubilee Foundation
- Vastra Gotaland Region [ALFGBG1384019]
This study found that higher levels of fecal valeric acid at 1 year of age were associated with a reduced risk of eczema at 13 years old, suggesting that valeric acid may be characteristic of a protective gut microbiota that provides protection from eczema and food allergy.
Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are abundant bacterial metabolites in the gut, with immunomodulatory properties. Hence, they may influence allergy development. Previous studies have linked fecal SCFA pattern during infancy with allergy. However, the association of SCFAs to allergic outcomes in adolescence is not well established. Here, we examined how the fecal SCFA pattern at 1 year of age related to allergy at 13 years of age. Methods: Levels of 8 SCFAs in fecal samples collected at 1 year of age from 110 children were quantified using gas chromatography. The same individuals were evaluated at 13 years of age for allergic symptoms, allergy diagnosis and allergy medication by questionnaire, and for sensitization using skin prick test against egg, milk, fish, wheat and soy, cat, dog, horse, birch, and timothy grass. Results: The concentration of fecal valeric acid at 1 year of age was inversely associated with eczema at 13 years of age (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-1.0, p = 0.049) and showed a trend for inverse association with food allergy at 13 years of age (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-1.0, p = 0.057). In a sub-group analysis of children with eczema at 1 year of age, a higher concentration of fecal valeric acid was linked with reduced risk of their eczema remaining at 13 years of age (OR 0.2, 95% CI: 0.0-1.5), although this latter analysis did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.12). Conclusions: Our findings lend further support to the notion of early childhood as a critical period when allergy may be programmed via the gut microbiota. Higher levels of fecal valeric acid may be characteristic of a protective gut microbiota and/or actively contribute to protection from eczema and food allergy.
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