期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING
卷 40, 期 12, 页码 3674-3685出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TMI.2021.3095419
关键词
Photon counting detector; photon counting CT; image guided intervention; C-arm x-ray systems
Modern interventional x-ray systems are often equipped with flat-panel detector-based cone-beam CT (FPD-CBCT) for high spatial resolution imaging. This study introduced a photon-counting detector (PCD) to C-arm systems as a supplementary option, providing high quality, spectral imaging capabilities. Experimental results showed that PCD-CT images had improved image quality and quantitative imaging capabilities compared to FPD-CBCT images at the same dose level.
Modern interventional x-ray systems are often equipped with flat-panel detector-based cone-beam CT (FPD-CBCT) to provide tomographic, volumetric, and high spatial resolution imaging of interventional devices, iodinated vessels, and other objects. The purpose of this work was to bring an interchangeable strip photon-counting detector (PCD) to C-arm systems to supplement (instead of retiring) the existing FPD-CBCT with a high quality, spectral, and affordable PCD-CT imaging option. With minimal modification to the existing C-arm, a 51 x 0.6 cm(2) PCD with a 0.75 mm CdTe layer, two energy thresholds, and 0.1 mm pixels was integrated with a Siemens Artis Zee interventional imaging system. The PCD can be translated in and out of the field-of-view to allow the system to switch between FPD and PCD-CT imaging modes. A dedicated phantom and a new algorithm were developed to calibrate the projection geometry of the narrow-beam PCD-CT system and correct the gantry wobbling-induced geometric distortion artifacts. In addition, a detector response calibration procedure was performed for each PCD pixel using materials with known radiological pathlengths to address concentric artifacts in PCD-CT images. Both phantom and human cadaver experiments were performed at a high gantry rotation speed and clinically relevant radiation dose level to evaluate the spectral and non-spectral imaging performance of the prototype system. Results show that the PCD-CT system has excellent image quality with negligible artifacts after the proposed corrections. Compared with FPD-CBCT images acquired at the same dose level, PCD-CT images demonstrated a 53% reduction in noise variance and additional quantitative imaging capability.
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