期刊
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
卷 22, 期 3, 页码 2484-2495出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3134895
关键词
Sensors; Wireless fidelity; Radio frequency; Activity recognition; Wireless communication; Transmitters; Wireless sensor networks; Wireless sensing sensor; IoT devices; gesture recognition; occupancy detection
资金
- U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/R018677/1]
This paper presents a Passive IoT Radar (PIoTR) system, which utilizes RF signals from IoT devices for human monitoring. PIoTR calculates the phase shifts caused by human motions and generates Doppler spectrogram as the representative. Experimental results show that PIoTR performs well in occupancy detection and activity recognition.
IoT ecosystems consist of a range of smart devices that generated a plethora of Radio Frequency (RF) transmissions. This provides an attractive opportunity to exploit already-existing signals for various sensing applications such as e-Healthcare, security and smart home. In this paper, we present Passive IoT Radar (PIoTR), a system that passively uses RF transmissions from IoT devices for human monitoring. PIoTR is designed based on passive radar technology, with a generic architecture to utilize various signal sources including the WiFi signal and wireless energy at the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. PIoTR calculates the phase shifts caused by human motions and generates Doppler spectrogram as the representative. To verify the proposed concepts and test in a more realistic environment, we evaluate PIoTR with four commercial IoT devices for home use. Depending on the effective signal and power strength, PIoTR performs two modes: coarse sensing and fine-grained sensing. Experimental results show that PIoTR can achieve an average of 91% in occupancy detection (coarse sensing) and 91.3% in activity recognition (fine-grained sensing).
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