期刊
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING
卷 15, 期 5, 页码 1077-1089出版社
IEEE COMPUTER SOC
DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2015.2451639
关键词
Emergency navigation; WSN-assisted; congestion-adaptive; small stretch; level set method
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61271226, 61272410, 61202460, 61471408]
- National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China [2014AA01A701, 2015AA011303]
- National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province [2014CFA040]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2014M560608]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2015QN073]
- Science and Technology Plan Projects of Wuhan City [2015010101010022]
One of the major applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the navigation service for emergency evacuation, the goal of which is to assist people in escaping from a hazardous region safely and quickly when an emergency occurs. Most existing solutions focus on finding the safest path for each person, while ignoring possible large detours and congestions caused by plenty of people rushing to the exit. In this paper, we present CANS, a Congestion-Adaptive and small stretch emergency Navigation algorithm with WSNs. Specifically, CANS leverages the idea of level set method to track the evolution of the exit and the boundary of the hazardous area, so that people nearby the hazardous area achieve a mild congestion at the cost of a slight detour, while people distant from the danger avoid unnecessary detours. CANS also considers the situation in the event of emergency dynamics by incorporating a local yet simple status updating scheme. To the best of our knowledge, CANS is the first WSN-assisted emergency navigation algorithm achieving both mild congestion and small stretch, where all operations are in-situ carried out by cyber-physical interactions among people and sensor nodes. CANS does not require location information, nor the reliance on any particular communication model. It is also distributed and scalable to the size of the network with limited storage on each node. Both experiments and simulations validate the effectiveness and efficiency of CANS.
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