期刊
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 64, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100954
关键词
Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I; Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; Noradrenaline; RF amide-related peptide; Social defeat stress; Social environment; Social rank; Visual cue; Glucocorticoid
资金
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Japan [16 K18585, 19 K06751]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK [BB/P013759/1]
- BBSRC Japan Partnering Award [BB/M027805/1]
- BBSRC [BB/M027805/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Social environment influences hormone levels and social behavior in animals, with GnIH being identified as a negative regulator of the HPG axis. It responds to social cues and regulates both reproductive physiology and behavior, highlighting the intricate connection between social information and neural processes.
The social environment changes circulating hormone levels and expression of social behavior in animals. Social information is perceived by sensory systems, leading to cellular and molecular changes through neural processes. Peripheral reproductive hormone levels are regulated by activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Until the end of the last century, the neurochemical systems that convey social information to the HPG axis were not well understood. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) was the first hypothalamic neuropeptide shown to inhibit gonadotropin release, in 2000. GnIH is now regarded as a negative upstream regulator of the HPG axis, and it is becoming increasingly evident that it responds to social cues. In addition to controlling reproductive physiology, GnIH seems to modulate the reproductive behavior of animals. Here, we review studies investigating how GnIH neurons respond to social information and describe the mechanisms through which GnIH regulates social behavior.
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